Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and tumorlets in bronchiectasis: a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases with review of literature / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical and pathological features of pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and tumorlets with bronchiectasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both the clinicopathologic changes and immunohistochemical findings were examined with microscopy and EnVision method in 22 cases of pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and tumorlets.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average age of the 22 patients was 53 years, with a male to female ratio of 9:13. On macroscopic examination the lungs showed bronchiectasis; one case was accompanied by gray-white, soft nodules (diameter < 5 mm). Microscopy of the HE sections showed the basic pathologic change was bronchiectasis, accompanied by neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and tumorlet formation in the pulmonary parenchyma surrounding the bronchioles, presenting as single nodule (10 patients), or multifocal nodules (12 patients), with average size of 1.6 mm in diameter. No tumor cells were identified in the lymph nodes. Sixteen of 22 patients were disease-free after an average follow-up period of 58 months (17 - 117 months); one patient died suddenly after surgery; and five were loss of follow up. Immunohistologically, the tumor cells were positive for CgA (18/18), Syn (16/16), AE1/AE3 (16/16) , TTF-1 (14/15), and CD56 (14/14), and Ki-67 index was < 2% in 12 cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Immunohistological staining for CgA, Syn, CD56, TTF-1 and AE1/AE3 can confirm the diagnosis. Early detection, pulmonary resection and follow-up help prevent the progression of these diseases.</p>

Tubulolobular carcinoma of breast: a clinicopathologic study of 8 cases / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical and morphological features as well as immunophenotype of tubulolobular carcinoma of the breast (TLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight cases of TLC were retrieved from 97 cases of invasive lobular carcinoma between January 2005 and March 2010 in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The clinical features and pathologic findings were studied and immunohistochemistry was performed for the expression of ER, PR, HER2, p53, E-cadherin, CK34βE12 and CK8.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the breast cancer patients, the incidence of TLC was about 1.0% (8/880). The mean age of the patients was 59 years, with a range of 45 to 79 years. All patients were asymptomatic, with incidental finding of a mass in the breast on health examination. Common findings on sonography included a hypoechoic nodule with irregular shape and spiculated margin. Histologically, the small uniform tumor cells were arranged in a mixed pattern showing single cells, single-cell files or cords, small round to angulated tubules, and infiltrating lobular or targetoid patterns around ducts that were specific for classical invasive lobular carcinoma. Low or intermediate grade intraepithelial neoplasms which had similar cellular morphology with the invasive tumor often appeared in the periphery, including ductal carcinoma in situ, lobular carcinoma in situ and intraductal papillary carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry of the tumor cells showed intense reactivity to ER (7/8) and PR (8/8), but no reactivity to HER2 or p53. Both the tubules and single-cell file or cords expressed E-cadherin (7/8), CK34βE12 (5/8), and CK8 (8/8) with a uniform staining pattern. All patients underwent modified radical mastectomy and 2/8 patients had metastatic carcinoma in the axillary lymph nodes. Seven patients were followed up for 28 to 75 months and remained well, including one patient that had a new breast mass 60 months after surgery, but had no treatment up to now.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TLC is a rare variant of invasive breast cancer and reveals mixed histologic features of both tubular and lobular carcinoma with common expression of E-cadherin, CK8 and CK34βE12. A better understanding of TLC would enable pathological diagnosis to be made reasonably and accurately.</p>

Colloid carcinoma of pancreas: a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the pathologic features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and molecular characteristics of colloid carcinoma of the pancreas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical findings, morphologic features, immunophenotype and K-ras gene alterations were investigated in 4 cases of pancreatic colloid carcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 4 cases of colloid carcinoma of the pancreas, three tumors were located in the head of the pancreas, one was located in the body and tail. The average age was 56.5 years old. The presenting symptom was abdominal pain in 2 cases, increased level of U-GLU in 1 patient, and an accidental finding presented in 1 patient. Grossly, 3 cases were cystic and solid, with mucin in the cyst; 1 case was solid. Microscopically, the colloid carcinoma was characterized by large pools of extracellular mucin, containing neoplastic cells, which were in the pattern of cuboidal, cribriform or irregular clusters, or formed an incomplete lining separating mucin pools from the stroma. Three cases developed from pre-existing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (IPMN), intestinal-type, and 1 from IPMN, pancreatobiliary-type. Immunohistochemical studies showed that MUC2 was positive in 3 cases, and MUC1 in 1 case. K-ras gene mutation was identified in 2 cases, showing a single-amino-acid substitution in codon 12, as Gly12Asp (GGT > GAT) and Gly12Arg (GGT > CGT).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pancreatic colloid carcinoma is a rare variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which is associated with IPMN and mucinous cystic neoplasms. Positive MUC2 staining and absent MUC1 expression are commonly found, and K-ras gene mutation is occasionally identified in these tumors.</p>

Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis: an immunohistochemical and gene rearrangement study / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immunophenotype and gene rearrangement pattern of pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nine cases of pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis, included 5 cases of open lung biopsy, 3 cases of lobectomy specimen and 1 case of autopsy, were retrospectively analyzed by immunohistochemistry, in-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA, immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement studies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The age of patients ranged from 3 to 59 years. The male-to-female ratio was 3: 6. Histologically, all cases showed lymphocytic infiltration surrounding the blood vessels and in the perivascular areas. Most of these lymphoid cells expressed T-cell marker CD3. There were also variable numbers of CD20-positive B cells. The staining for CD56 was negative. According to the WHO classification, there were 4 cases of grade I , 1 case of grade II and 4 cases of grade III lesions. Six cases had gene rearrangement studies performed and 3 of them demonstrated clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangement (including 1 of the grade II and 2 of the grade III lesions). No T-cell receptor gene rearrangement was detected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis may represent a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders. Some of the cases show B-cell immunophenotype and clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, especially the grade II and grade lesions. They are likely of lymphomatous nature.</p>

Infection of human papillomavirus 16/18 DNA in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with expression of Ki-67 and P53 protein / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and explore the relationship between HPV infection and expressions of Ki-67 and P53 proteins in tumor tissue.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The level of HPV 16/18 DNA was measured by real time polymerase chain reaction, and Ki-67 and P53 proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry in tissues from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HPV 16/18 DNA was detected in 62.8% of our patients. In each cancer tissue sample, Ki-67 protein was expressed between 2% to 70%. P53 protein was expressed in 46.15% of our patients. No significant relation was found between HPV 16/18 DNA level and sex, smoking, drinking, and tumor clinical stages. However, level of HPV 16/18 DNA was found to have positive relation with tumor pathological grades and negative relation with P53 protein expression. No relation with Ki-67 protein expression was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma may be initiated by HPV 16/18 infection and the mechanism in carcinogenesis involves abnormal expression in P53 protein.</p>

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with micropapillary pattern: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic characteristics and immunohistochemical profile of lung adenocarcinomas with a micropapillary pattern (MPP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Among 135 cases of lung adenocarcinomas, the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of 48 cases of lung adenocarcinomas with a micropapillary components (the micropapillary components > or = 10%) were studied. The literature was reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 135 cases were resected pulmonary adenocarcinomas. Among 48 cases of lung adenocarcinomas with a micropapillary components, the age of patients ranged from 43 to 85 years (mean = 60.7 years). The male-to-female ratio was 9:7. Histologically, 36 cases of lung adenocarcinomas with the MPP were characterized by small papillary tufts lacking a central fibrovascular core lying freely within alveolar spaces (IA type) or in the clefts of fibrous tissue just like those in MPP breast cancers (IB type). Another type of the micropapillary pattern consisted of 12 cases, the micropapillary tufts floating within cystic spaces lined by tumor cells (II type). In micropapillary pattern-positive cases, lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis were identified significantly more frequently than in micropapillary pattern-negative cases (P < 0.01). The percentages of cases positive for various markers were 97.9% (47/48) for E-cadherin, 89.5% (43/48) for beta-catenin, 91.7% (44/48) for Muc-1, 70.8% (34/48) for epidermal growth factor receptor, 35.4% (17/48) for p53, 93.8% (45/48) for Ki-67. The percentages of cases with high expression (including 3+ or 4+) for these markers were 72.3% (34/47) for E-cadherin, 90.7% (39/43) for beta-catenin, 88.6% (39/44) for Muc-1, 52.8% (19/36) for epidermal growth factor receptor, 58.8% (10/17) for p53, 46.7% (16/36) for Ki-67. Adequate clinical follow-up information was available for 36 patients. The mean follow-up time was 21.1 months. Among these, 16 of 36 patients (44.4%) were alive with no evidence of tumor, 12(33.3%) were died, and 8 (22.2%) were alive with tumor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lung adenocarcinomas with the MPP correlates positively with lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis, and are likely to have a potential for high malignancy, suggesting a poor prognosis.</p>

Clinicopathologic study of primary marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type and lymphoid hyperplasia of lung / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical findings and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement results of primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma) and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty cases, included 13 cases of pulmonary MALToma and 7 cases of pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia, encountered during the period from 1989 to 2007, were retrospectively analyzed. The samples were paraffin-embedded and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical study and semi-nested polymerase chain reaction for IgH gene rearrangement were performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 13 cases of primary pulmonary MALToma were composed of a spectrum of lymphoid cells, including lymphocyte-like cells, centrocyte-like cells and mononuclear B cells with plasmacytoid differentiation. They often had diffuse or marginal zone growth patterns. Lymphoid follicles with neoplastic colonization were apparent. The lymphoma cells spread along alveolar septa and bronchovascular bundles. Vascular invasion was noted in 9 cases, pleura involvement in 6 cases and nodal involvement in 2 cases. Lymphoepithelial lesions (LEL) were identified in 9 cases of pulmonary MALToma. Immunohistochemically, the lymphocytes in LEL were CD20-positive and CD3-negative. On the other hand, LEL was also present in 2 of the 7 cases of lymphoid hyperplasia studied, with a mixture of CD20-positive B cells and CD3-negative T cells. Eight of the 9 cases of primary pulmonary MALToma were positive for IgH gene rearrangement, while all of the 7 cases of lymphoid hyperplasia were negative.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Histologically, the cell population of primary pulmonary MALToma is similar to that of extranodal MALToma occurring in other organs. LEL, though commonly observed in pulmonary MALToma, are not specific and can also be seen in cases of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia. The immunophenotype of intraepithelial lymphocytes in pulmonary MALToma and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia is different. The presence of a monotonous population of CD20-positive intraepithelial lymphocytes supports a diagnosis of MALToma. IgH gene rearrangement study is also useful in differentiating both entities.</p>

Role of HPV DNA detection and p16(INK4A) protein expression in diagnosis of endocervical adenocarcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To evaluate the significance of p16(INK4A) protein expression and positivity for HPV DNA in distinguishing between endocervical and endometrial adenocarcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of p16(INK4A) protein in 30 cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma and 10 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma was assessed by immunohistochemistry. In-situ hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was also performed in 20 cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma and 10 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate for p16(INK4A) in endocervical adenocarcinoma was 70% (21/30), as compared with 30% (3/10) in endometrial adenocarcinoma. The tumor cells in endocervical adenocarcinoma showed diffuse and strong expression of p16(INK4A) protein with both cytoplasmic and nuclear staining. In contrast, the endometrial adenocarcinoma cells showed patchy and weak expression of p16(INK4A). On the other hand, HPV DNA (type 16 or 18) was detected by in-situ hybridization in 9 (45%) of the 20 cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma and none of the 10 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of p16(INK4A) protein is significantly higher in endocervical adenocarcinoma than in endometrial adenocarcinoma. This expression pattern can serve as a useful immunohistochemical marker in the differential diagnosis. p16(INK4A) protein immunohistochemistry appears to be more sensitive than HPV DNA testing in distinguishing between endocervical and endometrial adenocarcinoma, especially in biopsy or curettage specimens.</p>

Expression of survivin in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of Survivin (SVV) protein in colorectal carcinogenesis and its clinical significance. METHODS Immunohistochemistry staining was performed by two-step EnVision technique for the paraffin sections, which included 90 adenomas, 25 ademomas with high-grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, and 108 colorectal adenocarcinomas.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expressions of SVV, P53, and Bcl-2 were observed in tumor cells of the sections. The positive rate of SVV in tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and tubulovillous adenomas were 30% (12/40), 40.9% (9/22), and 35.8% (10/28), respectively. The positive rate of SVV in tubulovillous adenomas with high-grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia were 68% (17/25). The positive rate of SVV in carcinomas of stage A, B, and C were 75% (27/36), 81.3% (26/ 32), and 95% (38/40), respectively. SVV expressions among the three types of adenomas without neoplasia were not significantly different (P > 0.05). SVV expression between each type of the above-mentioned ademoma and tubulovillous adenoma with high-grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia or different Dukes stages of colorectal carcinoma was significantly different (P < 0.05). SVV expressions in adenocarcinomas and adenomas with high grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia were significantly higher than those in adenomas (P < 0.01). The expressions of P53 and Bcl-2 had no significant difference among them. No association was noted between SVV expression and P53 or Bcl-2 expression (P = 0.487, P = 0. 437).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SVV is abnormally expressed in the early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis, which may be correlated with the carcinogenesis of colorectal ademoma. SVV expression may be useful to distinguish adenocarcinoma from adenoma in colorectal carcinogenesis.</p>

The significance of Ki-67 antigen expression in the distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the expression of Ki-67 antigen in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas, and to evaluate whether the expression of Ki-67 antigen could serve as a diagnostic marker for predicting the biological behaviour of these tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ki-67 antigen were detected by immunohistochemical technique and image analysis in 57 cases of clinically documented benign and malignant pheochromocytomas were analyzed. Aside from histological study, Ki-67 immunohistochemistry studies were performed to get the Ki-67 index. Statistical analysis was performed between these groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ki-67 index was low in benign pheochromocytomas (average 0.98%), and high in malignant pheochromocytomas (average 3.78%). There was statistically significant difference in expressions of Ki-67 antigen between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. The Ki-67 index of 2 cases in benign pheochromocytomas (5.1%, 2/39) and 10 cases in malignant pheochromocytomas (55.6%, 10/18) was higher than 3%. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Ki-67 index higher than 3% to diagnosis malignant pheochromocytomas was 82.5%, 55.6%, 94.9%, 83.3% and 82.2%. The follow-ups indicated the survival rate of patients with higher Ki-67 index was lower than those with lower Ki-67 index.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ki-67 may serve as a useful marker of the biological behavior of tumors, and can provide useful information for prognosis of tumor patients. Immunohistochemical assessment of Ki-67 antigen can be useful in the differential diagnosis of malignant from benign pheochromocytomas. Ki-67 index (> 3%) is a useful marker for distinguishing benign from malignant tumors or for predicting the malignant potential of pheochromocytomas.</p>

Prediction of the Secondary Structure and B Cell Epitopes of DMO and DMT Protein in Oreochromis aureus / 中国生物工程杂志

The secondary structure of the protein of DM0 and DMT in Oreochromis aureus were predicted by the methods of Garnier-Robson, Chou-Fasman and Karplus-Schulz based on the amimo acid sequences of DM0 and DMT. And Hydrophilicity plot, Surface probability and Antigenic index for DM0 and DMT protein were obtained by the methods of Kyte-Doolittle, Emini and Jameson-Wolf, respectively. Combined the results according to these methods, the B cell epitopes for DM0 and DMT protein were predicted. The results demonstrated that there were some centers of?-helix in the DM0 protein' s N- terminal No. 80 - 112, 144 -147, 193- 194, 251 - 255, 260 - 269 and No. 279- 283, and in the DMT protein' s N-terminal No. 61 -86, 98 - 105, 140 - 146, 239 -241 and No. 269 -273. And there are some centers of?-sheet in the DM0 protein' s N-terminal No. 59 -61, 69 -70, 148 - 150 and No. 383 -390, and in the DMT protein's N-terminal No. 125 -129, 207-213, 255-264 and No. 281-284. Furthermore, the DMO protein' s N-terminal No. 40-41,44 -45, 50-51, 128-129, 189-192, 204-207, 216-222, 226-233, 244-246, 298 - 299 and No. 323 -326, and the DMT protein' s N-termianl No. 12 - 13, 26 - 27, 43 - 44, 58 - 60, 93 - 95, 115 - 120, 136 -139 and No. 149 -151 may be the flexible regions. Moreover the B-cell epitopes possibly localized in or nearby the DMO protein's 1 -5, 41 -51, 65-67, 86-89, 98-110, 154-170, 183-203, 205 -248, 258-264, 284 - 291, 293 - 298, 270 - 375, 389 - 392 and No. 402 - 410, and DMT protein' s N-termianl No. 1 - 9, 17 - 28, 77 - 84, 114 - 123 , 131 - 139, 157 - 184 and No. 96 - 207. Theses results are helpful for studies on sex control mechanism of DMO and DMT in Oreochromis aureus.

The expression and significance of chromogranin A and synaptophysin in adrenal gland tumors / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of chromogranin A (CgA) and synaptophysin (Syn) for differential diagnosis of different kinds of adrenal gland tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The samples of 69 adrenal gland tumors and 4 normal adrenal glands were immunohistochemically analyzed for the expression of chromogranin A and synaptophysin. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using chi-square test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the normal adrenal gland, CgA and Syn was exclusively detected in the medulla. CgA was detected in all pheochromocytomas 25/25 (100%), and gave less or no expression in adrenocortical tumors. Syn was detected in adrenocortical adenomas 27/28 (96.4%), adrenocortical carcinoma 7/8 (87.5%), pheochromocytoma 24/25 (96.0%) and adrenal metastatic carcinoma 6/8 (75.0%), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is statistically significant difference of CgA expression between adrenalcortical and adrenal medullary tumors, and also between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. CgA and Syn are immunohistochemically reliable markers in the differential diagnosis of various kinds of adrenal gland tumors.</p>

Expression of survivin gene in pancreatic carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the expression status of survivin gene in pancreatic carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Expression of survivin gene was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, Western Blot and RT-PCR in 59 cases of pancreatic carcinoma along with their corresponding adjacent benign tissues, 11 cases of chronic pancreatitis, and 7 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rate of survivin in pancreatic carcinoma was 72.8% (43/59). There was no relationship between the expression of survivin and tumor stage and differentiation. No expression of survivin was detected in benign tissue adjacent to the tumors as well as in samples of chronic pancreatitis. All 7 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines showed a positive expression of survivin mRNA and protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of survivin appears to be tumor specific to some extent in our pancreatic carcinoma samples. Survivin may be an ideal target for therapy against pancreatic carcinoma.</p>

Distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the differences in morphology, immunohistochemistry, DNA ploidy status, LOH and MSI of 11q13 and 1p between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas, and to find the marker or markers useful in distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytoma or for predicting the malignant potential of this tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two cases of clinically documented benign and malignant pheochromocytomas from the files of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. Aside from histological study, Ki-67, p53, CgA, S-100, PCNA and survivin immunohistochemistry studies were performed. DNA ploidy status was assessed by flow cytometry on cell suspensions prepared from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Twelve tumors (7 benign and 5 malignant) with paired normal tissues were microdissected. Tumor and normal tissue DNA were extracted. The obtained DNAs and 8 microsatellite markers related to 11q13 and 1q were subjected to PCR amplification for analysis of LOH and MSI.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>None of the tumors showed atypical mitosis, only 1 malignant tumor had a mitotic count > 1/10 HPF (2.3/10 HPF). Two malignant tumors exhibited confluent necrosis. Ki-67 index was low in benign tumors (average 0.73%), and high in malignant tumors (average 2.4%). The difference of Ki-67 index between benign and malignant tumors was statistically significant. DNA ploidy status did not correlate with malignancy. Although LOH and/or MSI of 11q13 and 1p were observed in several tumors, a statistically significant difference could not be reached due to the small number of tumors analyzed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Only Ki-67 index (> 3%) is an useful marker for distinguishing benign from malignant or for predicting the malignant potential of pheochromocytoma.</p>

Immunohistochemical investigation of lungs with severe acute respiratory syndrome / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the roles of different cells in the pulmonary lesions in the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The monoclonal antibodies of CD8, CD20, CD34, LCA, CD56, CD68, and AE1/AE3 are used to demonstrate the different cells in the lung specimens of SARS patients in order to study the patterns of cell responses in this new disease. Meanwhile the HE stained slides were also carefully studied to compare with the results of immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of capillaries increased and the capillaries clearly outlined the contour of alveolar wall from beginning to early stage of organization, the number of lymphocytes decreased sharply while the number of macrophage remarkably increased, together with proliferation of type II pneumocytes. The numbers of blood vessels decreased in the fibrotic and consolidated lung tissue, and the vessel cavities enlarged, losing the normal contour of alveolar septa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The lesions in the lung from SARS patients are consisted of the tissue reaction to the inflammatory injury, including extensive exudation, capillary proliferation, fibrosis, and obvious infiltration of macrophages which may play a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary lesions of SARS.</p>

Expression of cytokeratins and ret in thyroid papillary carcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of cytokeratins and ret in thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) and their diagnostic value.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>During the period of October 1999 to March 2002, 69 cases of TPC (42 cases with adjacent normal thyroid tissue) and 14 cases of nodular goiter with papillary hyperplasia were enrolled into the study. Immunohistochemistry for CK19, CK17, CK8, CK20 and ret was performed in all cases using EnVision and LSAB methods respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates for CK19 and ret in TPCs were 85.5% and 68.1% respectively, which were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than those in nodular goiter and normal thyroid tissue (25.0% and 5.4% respectively). The expression of CK17 was also observed in a few cases of TPCs (11/69, 15.9%), which was mainly localized in areas of squamous metaplasia, poorly differentiated carcinoma and/or in the small infiltrative foci. The positive rates for CK8 were 75.4% and 26.8% in TPCs and benign thyroid tissue respectively. All cases were negative for CK20.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CK19, CK17 and ret expressions are significantly higher in TPCs than benign thyroid tissue; and this characteristic can have important diagnostic value.</p>